Showing posts with label VMWare. Show all posts
Showing posts with label VMWare. Show all posts
Monday, July 29, 2013
Thursday, January 17, 2013
Automated vSphere Daily Health Checks Using Python
The on-call staff member in our team is tasked with performing morning health checks of key infrastructure. Basic stuff like checking that we have enough free space in the data stores and that we don’t have any forgotten snapshots running in the background.
Doing these checks manually is a time consuming process so any kind of automation is a good thing™. Rather than logging onto each VMWare Server and manually inspecting the health of the VMWare host I’d rather have something automated. In this case I’ve opted for a script that does these checks for me. As a result it sends me an email in the morning using a traffic light system. Items that are “bad” or “need attention” are highlighted red. Items that are “good” are highlighted in green.
The first version of this script performs basic health checks of the VMWare host. Specifically it checks which VMWare guests are running and which aren’t. It lists all of the snapshots on the system and which virtual machine they belong to. It also checks the data stores and highlights any data stores with less than 20% free space.
In future versions I want the script to go through the logs and highlight any problems found on the VMWare host.
The script is written in Python. Personally I run it from our Linux based monitoring server. I haven’t tested it on Windows however it should work just fine (in theory!). It uses a module called PySphere which needs to be installed on your system. This can be done by running the following command:
sudo easy_install PySphere
Next upload the script to a location where you place your scripts. The script isn’t path dependant so the location does not matter.
Before running the script you will need to update it to match your environment. There’s a parameter section at the top of the script. You will need to update it such that it points to your vSphere server using the correct login credentials. You will also need to edit the SMTP information to use your email server with the relevant to and from email addresses.
# Connect to ESX Server and perform checks
__author__ = "William Brown"
__copyright__ = "Copyright 2013"
__credits__ = ["William Brown"]
__version__ = "1.0.0"
__maintainer__ = "William Brown"
__email__ = "william.brownw@gmail.com"
__status__ = "Production"
from pysphere import *
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
import datetime
# Change these parameters to match your environment
hostname = "hostname"
hostip = "ip address"
user = "username"
password = "password"
emailfrom = "fromaddress"
emailto = "emailtoaddress"
smtpsvr = "serveraddress"
vmserver = VIServer()
vmserver.connect(hostip, user, password)
def print_header():
html = "<html><head></head><body>"
html += "<h1>VMWare ESX Status Report - " + hostname + "</h1>"
html += "<table border=1><tr><td><b>Server Type:</b></td><td>" + vmserver.get_server_type() + "</td></tr>"
html += "<tr><td><b>VMWare Version:</b></td><td>" + vmserver.get_api_version() + "</td></tr>"
html += "<tr><td><b>IP Address:</b></td><td>" + hostip + "</td></tr>"
html += "<tr><td>Runtime</td><td>" + str(datetime.datetime.now()) + "</td></tr>"
html += "</table>"
return html
def print_vm_status():
html = "<h1>VMWare Guest Status Report</h1>"
html += "<table border=1><tr><th>VM Guest Name</th><th>Guest Status</th></tr>"
vmlist = vmserver.get_registered_vms()
for vm in vmlist:
vm_svr = vmserver.get_vm_by_path(vm)
if vm_svr.get_status() == "POWERED OFF":
html += "<tr bgcolor=#F78181><td>" + vm + "</td><td>" + vm_svr.get_status() + "</td></tr>"
else:
html += "<tr bgcolor=#81F781><td>" + vm + "</td><td>" + vm_svr.get_status() + "</td></tr>"
html += "</table>"
return html
def print_snapshot_status():
html = "<h1>Snapshot Status</h1>"
html += "<p>All snapshots are listed below. If there's no entries in this table, there's no snapshots!</p>"
html += "<table border=1><tr><th>Virtual Machine</th><th>Snapshot Name</th><th>Date Created</th><th>State</th></tr>"
vmlist = vmserver.get_registered_vms()
for vm in vmlist:
vm_svr = vmserver.get_vm_by_path(vm)
vm_snaps = vm_svr.get_snapshots()
for vm_snap in vm_snaps:
html += "<tr bgcolor=#F78181><td>" + vm + "</td>"
html += "<td>" + vm_snap.get_name() + "</td>"
html += "<td>" + vm_snap.get_create_time() + "</td>"
html += "<td>" + vm_snap.get_state() + "</td>"
html += "</table>"
return html
def print_datastore_status():
html = "<h1>Datastore Status</h1>"
html += "<p>Note: Datastores with less than 20% free space are highlighted in red</p>"
html += "<table border=1><tr><th>Datastore</th><th>Type</th><th>Capacity (GB)</th><th>Freespace (GB)</th><th>Uncommitted Space (GB)</th></tr>"
for ds_mor, name in vmserver.get_datastores().items():
props = VIProperty(vmserver, ds_mor)
percentfree = float(props.summary.freeSpace)/float(props.summary.capacity)
if percentfree < 0.2:
bgcolor="#F78181"
else:
bgcolor="#81F781"
if hasattr(props.summary, "uncommitted"):
html += "<tr bgcolor=" + bgcolor + "><td>"+str(name)+"</td><td>"+str(props.summary.type)+"</td><td>"+str(props.summary.capacity/1024/1024/1024)+"</td><td>"+str(props.summary.freeSpace/1024/1024/1024)+"</td><td>"+str(props.summary.uncommitted/1024/1024/1024)+"</td></tr>"
else:
html+="<tr bgcolor=" + bgcolor + "><td>"+str(name)+"</td><td>"+str(props.summary.type)+"</td><td>"+str(props.summary.capacity/1024/1024/1024)+"</td><td>"+str(props.summary.freeSpace/1024/1024/1024)+"</td><td>N/A</td></tr>"
html += "</table>"
return html
#print_header()
#print print_vm_status()
#print_datastore_status()
body = print_header()
body += print_vm_status()
body += print_snapshot_status()
body += print_datastore_status()
body += "</body></HTML>"
msg = MIMEMultipart('alternative')
#part1 = MIMEText('text', 'plain')
part2 = MIMEText(body,'html')
#msg.attach(part1)
msg.attach(part2)
msg['Subject'] = "VMWare Health Check - " + hostname + " - " + str(datetime.datetime.now())
msg['From'] = emailfrom
msg['To'] = emailto
s = smtplib.SMTP(smtpsvr)
s.sendmail( emailfrom, emailto, msg.as_string())
s.quit
Finally you will need to setup a cron job (or windows scheduled task) to run this script as required. Personally I run this job first thing in the morning so that it’s in my inbox when I’m ready to do my morning checks.
Wednesday, July 11, 2012
How To Add Cores To A VMWare Guest
Why would you want to do this? I’ll tell you why. Some software is licensed by the socket meaning you can load up the number of cores you use and still pay for only the sockets used. For example, a single quad-core CPU would cost the same as a single core processor and still cost the same. Windows Standard and SQL Server Standard editions are typical examples of software that works this way.
This leads us to a new problem. When you add CPUs to a VMWare guest it adds the new CPUs as sockets rather than cores. Which in turn means that if you assign 8 CPUs to a Windows Standard server you will only see 4 CPUs!
The second number we need to know is how many cores we want to present per socket. This number must divide evenly into the total number of vCPUs listed above. In our example we’ll choose 4 – Ie. 4 cores by 2 sockets –> 8 cores. VMware will automatically determine the number of sockets required by dividing the total number of CPUs (cores) requested by the number of cores per socket specified.
This number is assigned to the Configuration Parameter cpuid.corespersocket. This option is found under the guest settings under Options –> Advanced –> General and then click on Configuration Parameters. Add a new row to the bottom called cpuid.corespersocket and set the value as desired (4 in this case).
Save your settings are restart the virtual machine. Opening task manager should now show 8 cores coming from 2 sockets.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)